Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) is a form of Vitamin B3 (Niacin) that serves as a precursor to Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD⁺). NAD⁺ is a vital coenzyme involved in cellular energy production, metabolism, and DNA repair. NR is considered one of the most efficient ways to increase NAD⁺ levels in the body.
Explanation of Nicotinamide Riboside (NR)
NR is converted into NAD⁺ through a series of biochemical steps in the body, which helps support:
- Cellular Energy Production:
- NAD⁺ is essential for converting food into ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
- DNA Repair & Cellular Health:
- NAD⁺ activates enzymes called sirtuins, which regulate aging and repair damaged DNA.
- Brain Function & Neuroprotection:
- NR may support cognitive function by protecting neurons from oxidative stress.
- Metabolic Health:
- Helps improve insulin sensitivity and supports healthy metabolism.
Conversion Pathway of NR to NAD⁺
- NR is absorbed in the body.
- NR is phosphorylated into Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN).
- NMN is converted into NAD⁺, increasing the body’s NAD⁺ levels.
Sources of Nicotinamide Riboside
- Natural Food Sources (in small amounts):
- Milk, yeast, and certain fruits and vegetables contain NR.
- Dietary Supplements:
- NR supplements (e.g., Tru Niagen) are available to boost NAD⁺ levels.
Benefits of NR Supplementation
- Anti-Aging: Supports longevity by enhancing mitochondrial function.
- Cognitive Support: May help prevent neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s.
- Muscle & Physical Endurance: Enhances recovery and muscle function.
- Metabolic Health: May improve glucose metabolism and weight management.
Potential Side Effects & Considerations
- Generally safe in recommended doses.
- High doses may cause mild side effects like nausea or digestive discomfort.
- More research is needed for long-term effects.